Abstract:Under the background of innovation-driven development strategy, it is important to guide the highquality development of cities with collaborative innovation. Based on the patent application data of 288 Chinese cities from 2001 to 2020, using exploratory spatial and social network method, this study comprehensively investigates the spatial and temporal evolution of urban collaborative innovation network. The results show that: 1) The scale of urban collaborative innovation has experienced the development stage of "low gradual-steady growth-rapid rise", the proportion of enterprises has been decreasing, but it is still the main force of S&T innovation, the proportion of colleges has been increasing and then decreasing. 2) The distribution of local co-innovation capacity is extremely imbalanced, revealing the pattern of "strong in the east and weak in the west, and higher in the coast than in the inland"; the cross-border co-innovation cooperation is constantly expanding in breadth and depth, and has changed from a "one-line" structure to a "tetrahedron" structure; combined with the intensity of local and cross-border co-innovation, it is divided into four modes: network-intensive, local-prioritized, cross-border-prioritized, and isolated-sparse. 3) The overall network of urban collaborative innovation has changed from sparse to dense, with obvious small-world characteristics; the individual network has been continuously strengthened, featuring a prominent polarization; the network hierarchy has grown progressively, showing a significant "core-edge" structure.
成征宇, 徐承红. 中国城市协同创新网络时空演变特征分析[J]. 人文地理, 2024, 39(6): 152-161.
CHENG Zheng-yu, XU Cheng-hong. RESEARCH ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION NETWORKS OF CHINESE CITIES. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2024, 39(6): 152-161.
周灿, 曾刚, 尚勇敏.演化经济地理学视角下创新网络研究进展与展望[J]. 经济地理, 2019, 39(5):27-36. [Zhou Can, Zeng Gang, Shang Yongmin. Progress and prospect of research on innovation networks: A perspective from evolutionary economic geography[J]. Economic Geography, 2019, 39(5):27-36.]
[2]
周灿, 曾刚, 宓泽锋, 等.区域创新网络模式研究:以长三角城市群为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2017, 36(7):795-805. [Zhou Can, Zeng Gang, Mi Zefeng, et al. The study of regional innovation network patterns: Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration [J]. Progress in Geography, 2017, 36(7):795-805.]
[3]
刘丹, 闫长乐.协同创新网络结构与机理研究[J]. 管理世界, 2013, 29(12): 1-4. [Liu Dan, Yan Changle. Research on the structure and mechanism of collaborative innovation network[J]. Management World, 2013, 29(12):1-4.]
[4]
苏屹, 曹铮.京津冀区域协同创新网络演化及影响因素研究[J]. 科研管理, 2023, 44(3):43-55. [Su Yi, Cao Zheng. Evolution of the BeijingTianjin-Hebei regional collaborative innovation network and its influencing factors[J]. Science Research Management, 2023, 44(3):43-55.]
[5]
Freeman C. Networks of innovators: A synthesis of research issues[J]. Research Policy, 1991, 20(5):499-514.
[6]
Ojasalo, Jukka. Management of innovation networks: a case study of different approaches[J]. European Journal of Innovation Management, 2008, 11(1):51-86.
[7]
Johannes Glückler. Economic geography and the evolution of networks [J]. Journal of Economic Geography, 2007, 7(5):619-634.
[8]
Li Y C, Phelps N A. Megalopolitan glocalization: The evolving relational economic geography of intercity knowledge linkages within and beyond China's Yangtze River Delta region, 2004-2014[J]. Urban Geography, 2019, 40(9):1310-1334.
[9]
焦美琪, 杜德斌, 桂钦昌, 等“. 一带一路”视角下城市技术合作网络演化特征与影响因素研究[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(4):913-927. [Jiao Meiqi, Du Debin, Gui Qinchang, et al. The spatio-temporal evolution and influencing factors of urban technical corporation networks: From the perspective of Belt and Road[J]. Geographical Research, 2021, 40(4):913-927.]
[10]
刘承良, 管明明.基于专利转移网络视角的长三角城市群城际技术流动的时空演化[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(5):981-994. [Liu Chengliang, Guan Mingming. Spatio-temporal evolution of interurban technological flow network in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration: From the perspective of patent transaction network[J]. Geographical Research, 2018, 37(5):981-994.]
[11]
Li Y C, Phelps N A. Knowledge polycentricity and the evolving Yangtze River Delta megalopolis[J]. Regional Studies, 2017, 51(7): 1035-1047.
[12]
赵康杰, 吴亚君, 刘星晨.中国创新合作网络的演进特征及影响因素研究:以SCI论文合作为例[J]. 科研管理, 2022, 43(7):96-105. [Zhao Kangjie, Wu Yajun, Liu Xingchen. Research on the evolution characteristics and influencing factors of China's innovation cooperation network: A study by taking the cooperation of SCI papers as an example[J]. Science Research Management, 2022, 43(7):96-105.]
[13]
桂钦昌, 杜德斌, 刘承良.全球科学知识生产的时空格局及影响因素[J]. 地理科学, 2023, 43(7):1185-1194. [Gui Qinchang, Du Debin, Liu Chengliang. Global scientific knowledge production: Process, pattern and influential factors[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2023, 43(7): 1185-1194.]
[14]
Maggioni M A, Nosvelli M, Uberti T E. Space versus networks in the geography of innovation: A European analysis[J]. Papers in Regional Science, 2007, 86(3):471-493.
[15]
张洁瑶.创业企业多维邻近性对协同创新关系影响研究[J]. 科研管理, 2018, 39(9):78-85. [Zhang Jieyao. A research on the impact of multi-proximity of entrepreneurial firms on synergetic innovation relationship[J]. Science Research Management, 2018, 39(9):78-85.]
[16]
周媛媛, 董平, 陆玉麒, 等.基于上市高新技术企业的中国城市创新网络及其影响因素[J]. 经济地理, 2023, 43(6):145-155. [Zhou Yuanyuan, Dong Ping, Lu Yulin, et al. China's urban innovation network and its influencing factors based on listed high-tech enterprises[J]. Economic Geography, 2023, 43(6):145-155.]
[17]
黄晓东, 马海涛, 苗长虹.基于创新企业的中国城市网络联系特征[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(4):835-852. [Huang Xiaodong, Ma Haitao, Miao Changhong. Connectivity characteristics for city networks in China based on innovative enterprises[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(4):835-852.]
[18]
赵林, 高晓彤, 吴殿廷.黄河流域绿色技术创新空间关联网络结构与影响因素[J]. 人文地理, 2023, 38(4):102-111. [Zhao Lin, Gao Xiaotong, Wu Dianting. Spatial correlation network and influencing factors of green technology innovation in Yellow River Basin[J]. Human Geography, 2023, 38(4):102-111.]
[19]
段德忠, 杜德斌, 谌颖, 等.中国城市创新网络的时空复杂性及生长机制研究[J]. 地理科学, 2018, 38(11):1759-1768. [Duan Dezhong, Du Debin, Shen Ying, et al. Spatial-temporal complexity and growth mechanism of city innovation network in China[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2018, 38(11):1759-1768.]
[20]
马海涛, 徐楦钫, 江凯乐.中国城市群技术知识多中心性演化特征及创新效应[J]. 地理学报, 2023, 78(2):273-292. [Ma Haitao, Xu Xuanfang. Jiang Kaile. The evolutionary characteristics and innovation effects of technological knowledge polycentricity in Chinese urban agglomerations[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2023, 78(2):273-292.]
[21]
杜亚楠, 王庆喜, 王忠燕.多维邻近下中国三大城市群创新网络演化特征及机制研究[J]. 地理科学, 2023, 43(2):197-207. [Du Yanan, Wang Qingxi, Wang Zhongyan. Characteristics and mechanism of innovation networks in three major urban agglomerations of China from the perspective of multidimensional proximities[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2023, 43(2):197-207.]
[22]
张省.地理邻近促进产学研协同创新吗?基于多维邻近整合的视角[J]. 人文地理, 2017, 32(4):102-107. [Zhang Xing. Does geographic proximity promote collaborative innovation of industry-universityresearch?[J]. Human Geography, 2017, 32(4):102-107.]
[23]
许培源, 吴贵华.粤港澳大湾区知识创新网络的空间演化:兼论深圳科技创新中心地位[J]. 中国软科学, 2019(5): 68-79. [Xu Peiyuan, Wu Guihua. Spatial evolution of the knowledge innovation network in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay area: The role of Shenzhen technological innovation hub[J]. China Soft Science, 2019(5):68-79.]
[24]
Grossetti M. Where do social relations come from? A study of personal networks in the Toulouse area[J]. Social Networks, 2005, 27(4):289-300.
[25]
Boschma R A. Proximity and Innovation: A Critical Assessment[J]. Regional Studies, 2005, 39(1):61-74.
[26]
Reuer J J, Lahiri N. Searching for alliance partners: effects of geographic distance on the formation of R& D collaborations[J]. Organization Science, 2014, 25(1):283-298.
[27]
Wal A L J T. Cluster Emergence and Network Evolution: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Inventor Network in Sophia-Antipolis[J]. Regional Studies, 2013, 47(5):651-668.
[28]
周锐波, 邱奕锋, 胡耀宗.中国城市创新网络演化特征及多维邻近性机制[J]. 经济地理, 2021, 41(5):1-10. [Zhou Ruibo, Qiu Yifeng, Hu Yaozong. Characteristics, evolution and mechanism of inter-city innovation network in China:From a perspective of multidimensional proximity[J]. Economic Geography, 2021, 41(5):1-10.]
[29]
Inyoung Hwang. Evolution of the collaborative innovation network in the Korean ICT industry: a patent-based analysis[J]. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 2023, 35(2):221-236.
[30]
Yang Y, Ma G C. How can HSR promote inter-city collaborative innovation across regional borders? [J]. Cities, 2023(138): 104367, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104367.
[31]
李雪松, 党琳, 赵宸宇. 数字化转型、融入全球创新网络与创新绩效[J]. 中国工业经济, 2022, 39(10):43-61. [Li Xuesong, Dang Lin, Zhao Chengyu. Digital transformation, global innovation network and innovation performance[J]. China Industrial Economics, 2022, 39(10):43-61.]
[32]
曹湛, 戴靓, 杨宇, 等.基于“蜂鸣—管道”模型的中国城市知识合作模式及其对知识产出的影响[J]. 地理学报, 2022, 77(4):960-975. [Cao Zhan, Dai Liang, Yang Yu, et al. Knowledge collaboration patterns of Chinese cities and their impacts on knowledge output: An empirical study based the "buzz-and-pipelines" model[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2022, 77(4):960-975.]
[33]
程丹亚, 曾刚.本地—跨界视角下长三角区域绿色技术创新网络结构特征研究[J]. 人文地理, 2023, 38(5):79-87. [Chen Danya, Zeng Gang. The structural characteristics of green technology innovation network in the Yangtze River Delta from a local-transboundary perspective[J]. Human Geography, 2023, 38(5):79-87.]
[34]
叶雷, 曾刚, 曹贤忠, 等.中国城市创新网络模式划分及效率比较[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2019, 28(7):1511-1519. [Ye Lei, Zeng Gang, Cao Xianzhong, et al. Taxonomy of innovation network patterns and comparison of innovation efficiencies of Chinese cities[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2019, 28(7):1511-1519.]
[35]
鲜果, 曾刚, 曹贤忠.中国城市间创新网络结构及其邻近性机理[J]. 世界地理研究, 2018, 27(5): 136-146. [Xian Guo, Zeng Gang, Cao Zhongxian. Structural feature and proximity mechanism of Chinese intercity innovation network[J]. World Regional Studies, 2018, 27(5):136-146.]